A parent can help their child avoid substance use problems long before the teen years begin. Simply by being open, loving, and attentive, a parent can begin to build the bond a child needs to feel safe, cared for, and important. Children who know they’re loved have more confidence and a stronger sense of self-worth. They also tend to have higher resilience, meaning they’re better able to handle peer pressure and overcome problems at school, at home, and within their social environment.

Having self-esteem and resilience doesn’t mean they won’t try tobacco, alcohol, or other drugs. Nor does it mean that they’ll never use substances recreationally. Rather, it means they are less likely to continue using substances to mask their pain, hide their frustration, or escape their reality.

Here are some other ways to help a child develop the inner strength necessary to make healthy choices:

• Set clear and consistent boundaries. A child who understands their limits feels secure and loved.
• Set high, but achievable, expectations. Whenever a child reaches a goal, their confidence increases.
• Encourage your child to problem solve. Giving a child a chance to solve their own issues will help them build self-esteem. But make sure they know they have your support if they need it.
• Show your child you believe in them. Kids gain confidence and resilience when they know someone believes in their abilities.
• Help your child through failures. Being supportive during the down times will show your child that failing at something isn’t the end of the world, but instead a new place to start.
• Be aware of transition times. Big changes, such as starting school or changing schools, can be hard on a child. They may need extra support during these periods of transition.
• Be available. Your child needs to know you’re there to listen and talk to when they need it. By encouraging open and regular communication, you will show your child their thoughts and concerns are important.